Swelling After Hair Transplant

What Causes Swelling After Hair Transplant?

Swelling, also known as oedema, is the fluid retention in the tissues. It is a temporary condition which will go away on its own over time. Multiple factors can contribute swelling after a hair transplant:

• Scalp Trauma: The human body responds to trauma, and all the instruments used for extraction and implantation cause minor trauma. This leads to post transplant swelling.
• Inflammation: The Body’s natural response to trauma is inflammation, which causes dilation of blood vessels. This allows fluid and white blood cells to enter the tissue, aiding the natural healing process. Once healing begins, the fluid drains back.
• Local Anesthesia: Local anaesthesia is administered during the transplant to numb the area and prevent pain. This fluid also facilitates the extraction and implantation of hair grafts. However, it creates space within the tissues, increasing swelling.
• Medications: All medications used during the transplant, including local anesthetics can cause forehead swelling after the procedure.
• Gravity: It causes fluid to move from the head or scalp towards face and neck. This effect may be more pronounced in the forehead and areas around the eyes.
• Other factors: Loose skin, age, type of procedure used and length of the surgery may also contribute towards swelling.

Symptoms Of Swelling After Hair Transplant

Initially, forehead swelling is the first symptom after hair transplant. This swelling then moves towards the eyes and temple areas. At this stage, it may become difficult to open the eyes, which can be particularly bothersome. Apart from swelling, you may also experience:

• Redness
• Warmth
• Heaviness
• Discolouration

Based on extent of swelling, it is generally graded into 5 categories starting from 0 to 4:

• Grade 0: No to minimal swelling
• Grade 1: Swelling in the upper forehead extending to middle of forehead
• Grade 2: Swelling extending to lower forehead
• Grade 3: Swelling involves the eyes and cheeks
• Grade 4: Severe swelling causing black discolouration of eyes

Side Effects Of Swelling After Hair Transplant

Hair transplant side effects, especially swelling, are usually harless and resolve within a week. But if swelling persists, go to the doctor as it could lead to complications.

Infection

Fluid accumulation and inflammation can create an ideal environment for bacteria, viruses and fungi. This can lead to:

• Burning sensation
• Itchiness
• Pimples
• Blisters or sores

It is important to prevent this complication or if developed, treat immediately. Therefore, doctors may prescribe antibacterial or antifungal ointments, if an infection is suspected.

Failure Of The Transplant

Infection or folliculitis can lead to permanent follicle damage, leading to poor growth or uneven density. If follicles do not develop properly, the hair transplant procedure may fail.

How To Reduce Swelling After Hair Transplant?

While swelling usually self-resolves, however, taking extra measures can help speed up the process. You can keep in mind the following tips to reduce swelling after hair transplant, but remember, patience is the key.

• Head Elevation: Keep your head elevated or use a recliner in the first few days to reduce face swelling after hair transplant.
• Hydration: Drink plenty of water and restrict salt intake.
• Rest & Relax: Take plenty of rest and sleep and do not take stress.
• Cold Compression: Use cold compress on the face
• Anti-inflammatory Foods: Eat anti-inflammatory foods such as fatty fish, leafy green vegetables, nuts etc.
• Headbands: Using a headband in the first few days can limit the swelling at stage 1 or 2.
• Things to Avoid: Avoid smoking, sun exposure, heavy exercise and sweating.